Architectural coatings serve the dual purpose of beautifying and protecting new and existing buildings in residential, commercial, and public properties.... The trend towards water-based decorative coatings has grown in recent years and is expected to continue due to regulatory compliance and environmental concerns. When designing a water-based architectural coating system, various criteria must be considered, such as the type of binder, pigment/binder ratio, pigment volume concentration, component compatibility, minimal film formation temperature, and application properties like leveling and sagging, and storage stability.